When you think of summer sun protection, you might picture sunscreen and hats, but your eyes need protection as well. Ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun can cause lasting damage to your vision, even when it is cloudy or during brief periods of exposure. Over time, this invisible threat can lead to a variety of serious eye conditions.
 

The Risks of UV Exposure to Your Eyes

UV radiation from the sun comes in two primary forms: UVA and UVB rays. Both types can penetrate the eye’s surface and reach internal structures like the lens and retina, leading to long-term damage if you’re not properly protected. Without adequate eye protection, continued exposure can increase your risk of developing conditions.
 

Photokeratitis

Sometimes called “sunburn of the eye,” photokeratitis is a painful, temporary condition caused by excessive UV exposure. Symptoms include redness, tearing, sensitivity to light, and a gritty feeling in the eyes. It’s commonly seen in people who spend time on water or snow without adequate eye protection.
 

Cataracts

Prolonged exposure to UVB rays has been directly linked to the development of cataracts. Cataracts occur when the eye’s natural lens becomes cloudy, causing blurry vision that can worsen over time. Without treatment, this condition can eventually lead to significant vision loss.
 

Macular Degeneration

UV rays can also contribute to age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of vision loss in adults over 60. This condition affects the macula, the part of your retina responsible for sharp central vision, and can significantly impact daily activities like reading or driving.
 

Pterygium

This condition involves the growth of a pink, fleshy tissue on the white part of the eye. Often called "surfer’s eye," pterygium is thought to be caused by UV light exposure, wind, and dust. In some cases, the growth can cover the cornea and interfere with vision.
 

Why High-Quality Sunglasses Matter

Not all sunglasses provide the same level of protection. To truly shield your eyes from harmful UV rays, it’s important to choose sunglasses that block 100 percent of both UVA and UVB radiation. Frames that are oversized or wrap around the face offer added coverage by limiting the amount of light that enters from the sides. 
 

Polarized lenses are also a smart choice, as they help reduce glare from reflective surfaces like water or pavement, making them especially useful for driving or spending time outdoors. Transition lenses can be another effective option, as they automatically darken in sunlight and provide continuous UV protection while adapting to changing light conditions.
 

Don’t Skip Routine Eye Exams

Even if you feel your vision is fine, routine eye exams are essential for early detection of UV-related damage. Our optometrists can identify early signs of cataracts, AMD, or other conditions long before symptoms arise. They can also help you find the right prescription sunglasses or recommend protective lenses if you wear contacts or glasses.
 

Ready to Protect Your Vision?

Protecting your eyes from UV exposure is just as important as shielding your skin. The effects may not be immediate, but over time, unprotected sun exposure can lead to serious vision problems. By wearing high-quality sunglasses and scheduling regular eye exams, you can take proactive steps to maintain your eye health.
 

Schedule your comprehensive eye exam at Roosevelt Vision and let us help you find the best solutions to keep your eyes healthy and protected all summer long. Visit our office in Seattle, Washington, or call (206) 527-2987 to book an appointment today.